Problems of Medieval Europe :: European Europe History

Issues of Medieval Europe The setting: Medieval Europe. The issue: the pope is living in Avignon, under severe control from the French King. The plague is desolating Europe, deserting entire urban communities of cadavers. Sanitation is extremely poor, there are no sewer frameworks, and as a rule, one could discover human and creature excrement covering the roads. The way of life is low, and a lot of this is accused on religion. Numerous individuals might want to see the pope dead. Arrangements are for all intents and purposes non-existent. The pope is searching for an approach to reestablish his capacity, and improve the life of Europeans. The fundamental issue confronting the pope was, obviously, the plague. About twenty-5,000,000 individuals had kicked the bucket of this exceptionally irresistible ailment as of now, and it didn't give off an impression of being easing back. Medieval doctors had built up various fixes, some as ridiculous as setting live chickens on the injuries of the contaminated. Because of the crude innovation around then, there were not many real fixes. A large number of the acts of the specialists were designed just to beguile the crowded into accepting that they had fixes, and that everything was not lost. The pope, in his quarters at Avignon, sat between two enormous flames. They felt this would sanitize the awful air which generally accused for the spread of the plague. In spite of the fact that there was no terrible air, the flames really prevented the plague, murdering off the bubonic microscopic organisms. This was a case of what a few people call coincidental science, or a disclosure produ ced using odd notion, or unintentionally. From the perspective of a medieval specialist, there were scarcely any things you could do. Most medication around then depended on the four humors, and the four characteristics. The four humors were mucus, blood, bile, and dark bile. Sickness would happen when these humors were imbalanced. Specialists regularly let blood, endeavoring to reestablish harmony. There were likewise four characteristics; heat, cold, clamminess, dryness. Sicknesses were regularly esteemed to have two characteristics, for example hot and dry. On the off chance that an individual had an illness that was hot and dry, they would be regulated a plant that was viewed as cold and clammy. Fundamentally what I have attempted to state in the past two parts is that there was no restorative remedy for the plague in medieval occasions. In the event that they had anti-infection agents, nonetheless, there would have been not very many fatalities.

Write about 5 artist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Expound on 5 craftsman - Essay Example It is at Yale that Bartlett completely comprehended the dynamic way to deal with current masterfulness. This joined with the energetic craftsmanship scene in close by New York was instrumental to her advancement as a craftsman in those early years (37). Bartlett’s first independent presentation in 1970 at Alan Saret’s space and a later display in 1974 at the Paula Cooper Gallery exhibited her interesting imaginative ideas. Her work which consolidated the utilization of different frameworks to make request and simultaneously restrict it made her a symbol in the realm of workmanship. She was bundle to investigate the utilization of various materials and the calculated procedure to make items and pictures. This post-moderate and pragmatist painter is notable for her insides and scenes which are made in a manner that investigate the connection between the item and the painted picture. She utilized materials, for example, pen and ink, pencil, brush and ink, gouache and oil pastel to make her compositions. (Look 218). One of her most acclaimed works is the tremendous painting arranged at the Federal Building in Atlanta, Georgia. She made this 200 foot wall painting in 1981. From that point forward, she has been making show-stoppers which all have qualities of her utilization of ordinary items. Bartlett’s works of art can be found in different open assortments in Museums, for example, the Smithsonian American Art Museum in Washington DC, New York’s Museum of Modern Art, the walker Art focus in Minnesota, Honolulu’s Contemporary historical center and the Tate Gallery in London (Gaze 219). In the realm of craftsmanship, Julian Schnabel is considered as one of the most extraordinary craftsmen of the twentieth century. He was conceived in Brooklyn, New York in 1951 to Jack Schnabel and Esta Greenberg. He set out to be a craftsman while he was as yet a little youngster. In the wake of getting his B.F.A from the University of Houston, he joined the Whitney Museum of American Art under the inde[pendent study program. He had his first show as an independent craftsman in 1975, and from that point he ventured out to

Small business and its challenges Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Private company and its difficulties - Case Study Example Long haul estimates permits organization time to all the more likely position itself in the market seriously and simultaneously empower it to actualize any new methodologies. Early arrangement will assist her with diminishing costs, sort out her assets, and adapt to new patterns subsequently maintaining a strategic distance from pointless shocks. As to her administrations, she ought to be progressively centered around how to guarantee that they are fulfilling to her clients consequently guaranteeing a steady activity that can keep going for long. In each business, slight changes are vital so as to all the more likely address the issues of the objective market. Along these lines, it would be of advantage if Mort presented slight changes or advance forms of her old assistance, to such an extent that she can stay aware of the new patterns. It will guarantee that the business future is steady and simultaneously keep the inheritance of the family. The drawn out arranging will help her recognize what changes to make and realize when to actualize them which will enable her business to remain above water paying little heed to rivalry, (Morrell, 2001). Capital use is money spent by an undertaking to get or revamp fixed, substantial, non-consumable resources, similar to structures and hardware or another business for a productive reason. Since Mort’s business has been there for long, is clear that the structure is exhausted and should require redesign. She should, in this way, set aside some cash that would cook for a general redesign. It can include somewhat more apportioning of the whole structure into a redid way that nearly coordinate the present models. Additionally, she ought to secure more up to date forms of hardware utilized, for example, coolers, so as to all the more likely protect the bodies. Since innovation is digging in for the long haul and new and propelled ones get presented all the time, it would be prudent in the event that she held onto advances, for example, PCs. They will help her in keeping records and imperative data in great state and even update her method for monitoring which bodies are

Gre Analytical Writes: Solutions to the Real Essay Topics - Book 1

Gre Analytical Writes: Solutions to the Real Essay Topics - Book 1Gre analytical writing: Solutions to the Real Essay Topics - Book 1 of two is a new and exciting writing course by Bruce Pelham. This is one of the best online courses out there and well worth it for any aspiring writer. Bruce knows how to market his new course.First of all, his course is not a course at all, but a book, with four short essays in each chapter and with an introduction, conclusion, and lists of case studies to help you practice your answers. What's more, Bruce also provides great bonus material and much better than average support. Bruce also has some of the most amazing cover art I've ever seen for a writing course.So what is analytical writing? In Bruce's book, he explains that this is the process of working from problem to solution, and he does so with real cases from his own practice. He then gives you examples that you can use and gives great details on how to do it in the way that works best for yo u. So no matter if you are going to be a freelance writer or working for a big publishing house, this book is for you.You can find a number of examples of the process using a greenfield example, but they're not all excellent and you will need to tweak some of them to fit your own situation. For instance, there is a huge instance of greenfield writing that comes after the end of chapter three. It describes the history of the construction of bridges, and it covers a lot of points that are of particular interest to me as a bridge enthusiast.In this case study, there is no trouble selecting a topic because the first paragraph sets the tone for the whole book. It contains a brief history of bridges, the structure of the bridge itself, and then the basic principles of the bridge so that the reader can understand the fundamentals.The layout is clear and the layout is useful. You have to read the book just to get through all the examples, and that can take a long time and be tedious.But in summary, I found analytical writing: Solutions to the Real Essay Topics to be an excellent course that helped me greatly as a writer. I found that it was easier to improve my answers after I had learned how to use the book as an aid.

The Lottery By Shirley Jackson - 919 Words

A story that really stood out to me was â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson. This short story is really different from any story that I have read and it is very unique. â€Å"The Lottery† is about a small town that follows a strong tradition called the lottery. The lottery is when the whole town gets together and they all put their family name in a black box, then every family has to choose one from the box. Whoever pulls out a black dot gets stoned by everyone in the whole town. The theme to this story is that just because it is a tradition, doesn’t mean it’s good and you should keep it. I view this novel as a good, enjoyable, and educational story. I really loved this short story and recommend it to anyone who enjoys old and historical tales. A lot of things stood out to me about â€Å"The Lottery.† This story is very different and very powerful, the message to this story is also very important. I think that Jackson is trying to get a strong poi nt across to the audience, which as a reader I enjoy finding the meaning to a story. The main characters of this story all have very important roles to this story and I feel like I know them when I read the story which really helps me connect. The writing style of this story made it easy to read and understand. Jackson wrote this story in a way that is easy and clean to read. The major point to this story is that you cannot always keep doing it just because it’s a tradition. Not all traditions are good and safe. The lottery has been a strongShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1195 Words   |  5 PagesOn the surface, Shirley Jackson’s short story, â€Å"The Lottery,† reads as a work of horror. There is a village that holds an annual lottery where the winner is stoned to death so the village and its people could prosper. Some underlying themes include: the idea that faith and tradition are often followed blindly, and those who veer away from tradition are met with punishment, as well as the idea of a herd mentality and bystander apathy. What the author manages to do successfully is that she actuallyRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson757 Words   |  4 Pagessucceed but many fail just like the main character Tessie Hutchinson in Shirley Jackson’s short story â€Å"The Lottery†. When someone hears the word â€Å"lottery†, he or she may think that someone will be rewarded with prize. But â€Å"The Lottery† By Shirley Jackson is different than what one thinks. In the story, a lottery is going to be conducted not like Mega Million or Powerball one play here. In the story, the person who wins the lottery is stoned to death instead of being rewarded with the prize. TessieRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson931 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1948 Shirley Jackson composed the controversial short story â€Å"The Lottery.† Generally speaking, a title such as â€Å"The Lottery† is usually affilia ted with an optimistic outlook. However, Jackson’s approach is quite unorthodox and will surely leave readers contemplating the intent of her content. The story exposes a crude, senseless lottery system in which random villagers are murdered amongst their peers. Essentially, the lottery system counteracts as a form of population control, but negatives easilyRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson1504 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson In The Lottery Shirley Jackson fills her story with many literary elements to mask the evil. The story demonstrates how it is in human nature to blindly follow traditions. Even though some people have no idea why they follow these traditions. The title of the story plays a role in how Shirley Jackson used some literary elements to help mask the evils and develop the story. The title â€Å"The Lottery† serves as an allegory. When people think of the lottery majorityRead More`` The Lottery `` By Shirley Jackson894 Words   |  4 Pagesshort story â€Å"The Lottery†, author Shirley Jackson demonstrates Zimbardo’s concepts in three different areas: Authority figures, Tradition and Superstition, and Loyalty. The first concept Jackson portrays in â€Å"The Lottery† is the authority figures. Jackson indicates that the lottery is being held in the town center by one authority figure, Mr. Summers, annually on June 27th. Every June 27th, without fail, townspeople gather in the town square to participate in the annually lottery even though mostRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1510 Words   |  7 PagesShirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† illustrates several aspects of the darker side of human nature. The townspeople in Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† unquestioningly adhere to a tradition which seems to have lost its relevance in their lives. The ritual that is the lottery shows how easily and willingly people will give up their free will and suspend their consciences to conform to tradition and people in authority. The same mindless complacency and obedience shown by the villagers in Jackson’s story are seenRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson8 11 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† was published by Shirley Jackson. The story was true expression of Jackson’s genuine thoughts about human beings and their heinous competence in an annual village event for corn harvest . First, her used to word symbolized main point of the story. Second, Jackson was inspired by few historical events happened in the past and a life incident in her life. Lastly, She was able to accomplish the connection between historical and biographical with the story. Therefore, Shirley Jackson’sRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson934 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson signifies the physical connection between the villagers and their unwillingness to give up their tradition. â€Å"The Lottery† is very unpredictable and quite misleading. The black box has no functionality, except every June 27th. Shirley Jackson depicts the black box as an important and traditional tool. Although the villagers in â€Å"The Lottery† are terrified of the goal of the lottery and the black box, they are unwilling to let go of the tradition. Shirley Jackson portraysRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson799 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mood and to foreshadow of things to come. The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is a story in which the setting sets up the reader to think of positive outcomes. However, this description of the setting foreshadows exactly the opposite of what is to come. In addition, the theme that we learn of at the end leads us to think of where the sanity of some human beings lies. The story begins with the establishment of the setting. To begin, Shirley Jackson tells the reader what time of day and what time ofRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson1764 Words   |  7 Pagesfilled with excitement and eeriness, leaving the reader speechless. The Lottery , a short story written by famous writer Shirley Jackson, created an uproar on June 26, 1948, when it was published in the magazine The New Yorker (Ball). The gothic thriller, set in an unknown time and place, shares the tradition of a small town, a little larger than three hundred people, in which a drawing is held once a year. In this â€Å"Lottery,† each family’s husband draws a slip of paper from a black box. The husband

How Has Homophobia Become a Witch Hunt Essay - 1092 Words

According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary, homophobia is the irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against homosexuality or homosexuals. Much like a witch hunt, homophobia targets and seeks out individuals, gay or straight, and persecutes them based on ignorance, and further more if one cannot provide solid proof of his or her innocence. (Hughes) It is the fuel behind many hate crimes and discrimination. Some claim that homosexuality is a disease. If this statement is true, couldn’t we all simply begin to call in â€Å"queer† to work and school when we won’t be present? (Avert) Homophobes provide numerous reasons, which they view extremely valid, to back up their hatred. â€Å"It’s not natural† – a weak argument. Biologists frequently†¦show more content†¦Religious standpoints provide colossal amounts of fuel to the debate. With Christians chanting â€Å"God made Adam and Eve, NOT Adam and Steve,† we can note that the REAL fear is the fear of what they don’t understand. How is it that it is so unnatural? Unbeknownst to them, homosexuality does occur in nature, does that mean that animals have sinned too, and are damned to suffer an eternity in Hell? Or is it that animals can be excluded from this debate, simply because they aren’t human beings? Religious backgrounds contribute enormous hatred toward gay communities, and usually create bias. â€Å"The worlds sacred texts are silent on the question of gay marriage, as it was not really an issue when they were written. However, those same texts do have strong opinions on homosexuality itself.†(Waldman) Hatred is actually fueled by a variety of things. But the real reasons aren’t what homophobes list. Strong religious beliefs, little/no contact with lesbians and gays, and reporting no feelings of homosexuality or homosexual experiences can cause a person to be homophobic. They view it as an â€Å"us versus them† debate, thinking that homosexual rights will come at an expense to the straight society; that gay marriage will interfere with straight marriage. This is an erroneous claim. This also leads into a fear of loss of control, and the threat of one’s world view, fearing differently lived lives threaten their individual freedoms. This, however, isShow MoreRelatedFilm Star Wars : Episode I - The Phantom Menace1505 Words   |  7 PagesPhantom Menace, Liam Neeson is quoted as saying, â€Å"Your focus determines your reality.† In the context of Salem, Massachusetts, this means that if one focuses on witches and witchcraft, their reality will then become witches and witchcraft. This is exactly what happened during the Salem Witch Trials during the late 1690’s, as immortalized in Arthur Miller’s The Crucible. The small Puritan colony became so engrossed with fear of the Christian Devilâ„ ¢ that they began to suspect their own neighbors, andRead More War Creates Social Division, Not Cohesion Essay5403 Words   |  22 Pagesis based upon the assumption that during a time of crisis, such as a war, people will come together out of the necessity to survive. This belief that the masses unite, neglecting prior dispositions towards one another while opposing a common enemy, has been fairly prominent throughout history. The Second World War, the Cold War, and the Gulf War will be used as examples to research the assumption that social cohesion is a result of warfare. I will argue that warfare, opposed to popular belief, causesRead MoreNew World Order in Conspiracy Theory13987 Words   |  56 Pagesalso in part to the basic underlying apocalyptic millenarian paradigm, which fed the  Cold War  and the  witch-hunts  of the  McCarthy period.[13] In his  11 September  1990  Toward a New World Order  speech to a joint session of the  U.S. Congress, President  George H. W. Bush  described  his objectives for post-Cold-War global governance  in cooperation with  post-Soviet states: Until now, the world we’ve known has been a world divided—a world of barbed wire and concrete block, conflict and cold war. Now, we can

A Research Report On Sony Corporation - Click to Get Sample Solution

Question - Prepare a reserch report on behalf of an organisation and this includes all three tasks outlined below- Research Proposal Field Research Reporting Answer - Task 1: Research Proposal Introduction Sony Corporation is the multinational company, whose headquarters are located in Japan, and its one of the largest and popular media conglomerates, whose revenue was around US$88.7 billion in the year 2008 (Blagdon 2012). Sony Corporation is the international market leader in manufacturing of video communications, electronics, information technology, video games, and consoles for both the professional and consumer markets (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). As the organization, Sony tries to deal with the dynamic industry in which they operate their business (Blagdon 2012). The company has establish the stable work environment, in which engineers are profound towards appreciating the technology, and focuses towards the development of dynamic technology along with creating the products that people longed for (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). One of the popular aspects of Sony Corporation is its innovative strategy (Blagdon 2012). According to Mintzberg, Sony has restructured as the innovative company, as they have many innovative employees, who are centralized with their decision making ability. The company tries to establish itself in the international market through innovation as their market growth strategy (Blagdon 2012). Sony Corporation offers innovative features in its different range of products like, television and video, digital cameras, home audio and home theater, video cameras, portable audio, mobile phones and tablets, play station, and broadcast and business solutions (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Sony is established as the market player in the global market through its innovation in its products, but the company faces challenge in keeping up with this among its competitors (Blagdon 2012). It is true that it often happens that when the organization is too large they fail to alter their values in order to adapt with the market changes, but still Sony Corporation has build its goodwill in the global market and is also attracting large customers (Blagdon 2012). Currently, Sony Corporation is relied over the simple aspect of sustaining the innovation without even trying to attempt to develop the destructive innovation as the complacency sign (Blagdon 2012). Background/ Reason for selection Innovative aspect of Sony is selected for this research as its the most popular feature of the company, and its the reason behind its popularity and quality products (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Sony has large customer base and the sale of Sony products is highest in the global market. Sony has become success due to their ability to manufacture the disruptive innovation in their product and services, which was not able to produce by other market players (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). This research will conduct the research on innovative strategy of Sony and try to discuss about how the company has gain competitive advantage and large market share through this aspect of the company (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Research question/Research Theme Question 1: How Sony has increase their markets share through its innovative and new product development strategy? Question 2: How the features of Sony different from other market players? Target Audience In order to collect the primary data for conducting the research, customers are selected, who visit the Sony store for purchasing their views. The views of the participants will be used for bringing out the results of the research (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The research has also selected Sony research and development team for knowing their views on innovative aspect of the company and how this strategy has helped in targeted large audience (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Sample For conducting the research or for collecting the data, 100 customers will be selected, along with 10 members from the research and development team of Sony Corporation. Large customer size is selected so that huge data could be selected, and it would be easy to analyze and come out with the perfect results. Expected Outcome Its expected that most of the customers purchase Sony products due to its innovative features, quality, brand value and popularity in the market (Hirai 2012). Its also expected that, research and development team of the company is able to collect the demands of the customers and work accordingly, which can be termed as the reason for their success (Rogers 1995). Methodology The research methodology includes the description about the research approach along with methods of collecting the data (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The research collects the data about the innovative as the core strategy for building brand name of the company and for attracting the customers (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The research uses quantitative research methods for collecting the data (Sadanori 1999). This research will conduct the survey questionnaire through the quantitative approach (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Quantitative approach is suitable in this research as it helps in collecting the in-depth information, and search for perspective and experience of the customers, which they had after purchasing Sony products and services (Kotler 1999). The Survey through questionnaire will be used under the primary data collection method (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). These methods will help in understanding the views of the customers towards Sony products and will also check their satisfaction level (Hague 2002). The sampling strategy incorporated for choosing the participants will be random sampling. Through random sampling strategy, every the customers will be listed and will be randomly selected without any particular criteria (Kotler and Keller 2006). In the secondary data collection method, data will be collected through academic journals and books for understanding the views of the authors about the innovative strategy of the Sony Corporation in attracting the customers and for building brand name in global market (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Secondary Research Literature Review Innovation is viewed as the obvious strategy, and there are many companies who have adopted this strategy for building their brand name and giving customer satisfaction with new features in their products (Levitt 1969). Innovation is the common strategy, which helps in fulfilling the demands of the customers and helps the company in building their position in the local and international markets (Feldman and Florida 1994). Innovation is not about introducing new products in the market, rather it involves introducing new products, technological advancement or line extension of the products in order to advance and strengthen the companys Unique Value proposition (Chesbrough and Rosenbloom 2002). In the present marketplace the demands has increased for attaining the perfect timing as well as flawless execution of the products through implementing the new strategies in the market (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Rubio (2012) discusses that consumers always want to know that you are prepared when they are, which means the timing of the company should be perfectly synchronic with the demands of the audiences (Rubio 2012). The Lawler (2012) mentions that, companies should never launch any new products, or service or either packaging if the brand audiences are not ready for it, or either companies should never execute the needs for achieving the sustainable success (Lawler, 2012). Its noted that short cuts are considered as moving slowly towards death in the market, in which consumers expects from the brands to deliver before their commitment to purchase (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Therefore, once the reputation of the company is established for achieving the excellence in the market, the efforts of innovation become the strategy of public relations, which tries to pre-sell the consumers before the launch of any new product event of the company (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). There are many examples of companies, who have focus on product innovation and made it their brand expansion strategy for achieving success in both local and global market (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). One such company is Sony Corporation, whose main strength lies in their ability for producing the products of innovative quality (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The innovations made in the Sony products have become the mainstream culture of the company (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Sony offers international quality brands for their customers, as its main concern or focus is on high quality, convenient and uniqueness of the product (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). It is noted that mainstream culture of the company has embraced the innovation in Sonys products (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Presently, Sony products are globally recognized and the company has developed its strategy for attaining core strategic benefits, which is innovation (Rass enfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Through the virtue of the core strategic benefits, the company has adopted the international strategy through supplying the innovative quality items in many global countries (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The innovative products offered by Sony are Walkman with personal stereo headphones, play stations, Video camera, DVD players, along with Trinitron televisions (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). All these products of Sony are well recognized all over the world, including Europe, Japan, US, and in various Asian markets (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Timeframe Timeline is the significant aspect of the entire research study, as its important for the researchers to successfully complete their research work on time with the help of available resources, in order to meet the objectives of the research (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Timeline is also explained as the guideline for completing every task in the research. Below table will explain the timeframe for every activity in the research. Research Activities Time Required Research Proposal 1 Week Introduction and Literature Review 1 Week Field Research 3 Weeks Research Methodology (Survey Analysis) 1 Weeks Reporting 2 Week Conclusion Recommendations, and Submission of Report 1 Week The resources used for completing the research will be both non-literary and literary resources that will include websites, academic journals, and books in order to address and monitor the assistance in the set timeframe of nine weeks. Task 2: Field Research Research Universe Research is considered as the organized investigation on the specific topic and in this research product innovative strategy of Sony is discussed that helps the company in building brand name, expanding its market and attracting the customers (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). In this research, research investigation will be done through the collected facts and figures (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). This section is the important segment, which helps in exploring the evidences collected and relates to the topic (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). This section not only explains about the research approach, rather it also discuss about analyzing the research rationale, tools of data collection and data reporting approaches (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). Research sampling and methods are applied in this study for examining the primary data (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Sample For collecting and analyzing the data, the survey questionnaire will include 10 questions that will be asked from 100 customers for the purpose of analyzing the views of the customers and members of research and development team at Sony. In the survey questionnaire research and development team will be asked 5 questions in order to understand the innovation role in boosting the image of the company in the market. In order to interpret the collected data through the survey method, pie charts will be used. The survey question will include multiple options for the respondents. Research approach Research approach offers the reliability to the research study (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). This research will include the investigation research methods in order to assemble the data related to the customers views on Sony innovative features in their products and services (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). The research includes the quantitative research method for describing and expressing the research study (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). Two set of questionnaire is made in this research, first is for the customers and the other one is for the research and development team, as both perspectives will be collected and analyzed (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Data collection method The most important aspect of the research methodology is the research methods, which are helpful in collecting data through various sources. In this research primary and secondary methods of data collection are selected (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). Primary data is the first hand data, which will be collected through the survey questionnaire method by forming the questionnaire that includes 10 questions to be asked from customers, who purchase Sony products and 5 members of the research and development team at Sony, in order to understand the innovative strategy of the company for building brand name and imparting customer satisfaction (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). The survey method is selected as it can be used as its the practical method for collecting the different types of information, and this is one of the most popular method for gathering data that too at the low cost (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). Through the secondary data collection methods, views of various scholars will be collected through academic journal articles, websites and books (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). Questionnaire Section 1: Customers Do you know about Sony products? Yes No Cant Say Which all products you are aware about Sony? Bravia Handycam Cyber Shot Playstation Vaio Walkman X-plod Sony Ericsson Which product you are interested in buying or interested to buy? Bravia Handycam Cyber Shot Playstation Vaio Walkman X-plod Sony Ericsson Mention the factors that influence you to purchase Sonys products? Brand name Promotion Product innovative features Price Services Others When you prefer to purchase Sony products? Discount Sales offers Launch of new products Other Do you prefer Sonys products above other companies products? Yes No Cant Say Which features you like most in Sonys products? Performance Picture Quality Innovative features Service Audio Other Are you satisfied with the product and services of Sony? Yes No Cant Say Do you think product innovation has increase demand for Sonys products? Yes No Cant Say Do you prefer innovative features over the price of Sonys products? Yes No Cant Say Section 2: Research and Development Team How innovation success is measured at Sony? Customer Satisfaction Increase in revenue Cost minimization through innovation Success of new products What all barriers come while doing innovation? Remuneration not connected with innovation Lack of coordination in company Lengthy time of product development Difficulty in commercializing the right idea Ineffective marketing and communication What are the priorities of Sony to achieve competitive advantage? Cost Quality Timely Delivery Flexibility Innovation How Sony resource innovation? New technology Research and development Training and skill development In last two years, Sony has invested on which innovative activities? Product Innovation Process Innovation Task 3: Research Report Introduction The research proposal discusses about the Sony Corporation and innovation as the major aspect of the company, on which its expanding its business in the local and global market (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). The innovative strategy of the company has enhanced its popularity among the customers (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). This method was mainly selected in the research, so that data related to customer views could be collected, and analysis could be done to understand why innovation is more preferred over other factors like promotion, price, etc (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). This research topic is also selected because innovation is the USP of the company, and has helped them in building its market position (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). Description of research methods used In this research, primary and secondary data collection methods are used for collecting and analyzing the data. In this research data is collected through the survey questionnaire method (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). The survey method helped in analyzing the awareness about products among the customers for the Sony products and why they prefer it (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The questionnaire also helps in understanding the innovative features made used by the company in order to enhance their market performance (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). The literature review conducted in this report also analyzes about the innovation for enhancing their performance of the company, and discuss about the innovative approach of company (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995). A copy of the questionnaire used in your field research The survey questionnaire includes two section, first section is for customers in which customers are asked whether they know about Sony products and what all products they know about Sony, What all products they are interested in buying like, Bravia, Handycam, Cyber Shot, Playstation, Vaio, Walkman, X-plod and Sony Ericsson (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The questionnaire also includes the factors that create influence on purchase of Sony products, why do customer prefer Sony products, what all features customers like in Sony products such as, performance, picture, quality, innovative features, service, audio, and other (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). In the next section, questions are asked from the research and development team of the company, like, how innovation success is measured at Sony, What all barriers come while doing innovation, like, remuneration not connected with innovation, lack of coordination in company, lengthy time of product development, difficulty in commercializing the right idea, and ineffective marketing and communication (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). The members were also asked about the priorities of Sony to achieve competitive advantage like, cost, quality, timely Delivery, flexibility, and innovation. Members were also asked how Sony resource towards innovation, like through new technology, research and development, and training and skill development (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Members were also asked Sony investment in which innovative activities such as, product Innovation and process Innovation (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Analysis of the data collected Section 1: Customers Figure1: Do you know about Sony products? Figure 2: Which all products you are aware about Sony? Figure 3: Which product you are interested in buying or interested to buy? Figure 4: Mention the factors that influence you to purchase Sonys products? Figure 5: When you prefer to purchase Sony products? Figure 6: Do you prefer Sonys products above other companys products? Figure 7: Which features you like most in Sonys products? Figure 8: Are you satisfied with the product and services of Sony? Figure 9: Do you think product innovation has increase demand for Sonys products? Figure 10: Do you prefer innovative features over the price of Sonys products? Section 2: Research and Development Figure 1: How innovation success is measured at Sony? Figure 2: What all barriers come while doing innovation? Figure 3: What are the priorities of Sony to achieve competitive advantage? Figure 4: How Sony resource innovation? Figure 5: In last two years, Sony has invested on which innovative activities? The data collected from the customers and the members of research and development team at Sony Corporation is presented with the help of pie-chart. Evaluation of the data collected The collected data is helped in understanding the perception of customers towards the products and services offered by customers (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). It is noted from the results that customers are aware about various products offered by Sony. It is also noted that customers demand more innovative products along with quality items, as these factors are quite significant in attracting the customers (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). This data is also helpful in understanding that new product development through technological advancement leads to innovation. Most of the members from research and development team explained that Sony Corporation focuses on the product innovation instead of process innovation (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Recommendations for future areas of research This research is helpful for future researchers, who want to understand the innovative strategy of Sony Corporation (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). It is recommended that researchers should include other methods like interview and observation in this research, so that more data could be collected (Lincoln and Gerlach 2004). Through interview, it becomes easier to understand the views of any person in more detail, who brings clarity in the response (Lincoln and Gerlach 2004). Compare what you had expected to find out and what you actually found out It was expected that research will help in exploring the perception of the customers that they purchase Sony products due to its innovative features, quality, brand value and popularity in the market (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). It was also expected that, research and development team of the company is able to collect the demands of the customers and work accordingly, which can be termed as the reason for their success (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). From the results it is analyzed that expected results are derived through the survey method, as most of the customers usually purchase Sony products, as they offer different and unique features in their products (Rassenfosse, Jensen and Webster 2011). Conclusion This research was supportive in exploring the important aspect of Sony Corporation, which was its innovative strategy. Through this research it becomes easier in exploring different journal articles and books for understanding the concept of innovation, which is adopted by many companies in order to expand their business in the local and global market, along with gaining competitive advantage. This research used the quantitative approach for collecting the data through survey questionnaire method, through which it was analyzed that Sony products are popular in the market and most of the customers prefer Sony products over products from other companies. It can be concluded from the research that, companies need to focus on product innovation, if they want to build brand name in the market, and also adopt the customer centric approach. References Blagdon, J. 2012. Sony Reorganizes into 'One Sony', Prioritizes Digital Imaging, Gaming, and Mobile. Chesbrough, H. and Rosenbloom, R. 2002. 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